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 First, an overview of
brandy Brandy Brandy is a transliteration of the English, which is based on fruits as raw materials, fermentation, distilled from wine. Usually, we call Brandy (Brandy) specifically refers to the grapes as raw material, fermentation and then distilled from wine. and other fruits as raw material, made by the same method of wine, often with fruit and brandy in front of the name of raw materials to distinguish the types. For example, the cherry brandy made from raw materials called cherry brandy (Cherry Brandy), the apple brandy known as the raw material made of apple brandy (Apple Brandy). History
brandy brandy originated in the town of Cognac (Cognac). Cognac region is located in southwestern France, where production of grapes and wine. As early as the 12th century, cognac wine production has been exported to European countries, foreign Charente merchant often to buy their wine coastal ports. About the middle of the 16th century in order to facilitate the export of wine to reduce shipping and a large cabin space for export to pay taxes, but also in order to avoid long-distance transport occurred deterioration of wine phenomenon, the town of Cognac distillation of wine to be concentrated on wine exports, and enter the country the proportion of manufacturers and then sell Duishui dilution. This made the wine to be distilled liquor is the early French brandy. was Netherlands called this wine as gradually spread to the French wine-producing countries throughout Europe and around the world.
the year 1701, the French involvement in the properly store them, pending the time. They used cognac barrels made of oak-rich town, the brandy stored in casks .1704 end of the war, traders are surprised to find, had even become colorless brandy become a beautiful amber, wine is not bad, and smell stronger. So since then, with the oak barrel aging process to become an important production process cognac. This production process quickly spread to the world around.
after year 1887, the French brandy exported changed the packaging, from a single cask and bottled loaded into a cask loading. With the improvement of product packaging, also will be worth cognac increased , sales increased steadily. According to statistics, when the annual export sales of Cognac has reached three hundred million francs.
(b) of the brandy production process, characteristics and classification of
grape brandy is as raw material, after pressing juice, peeled, pitted and fermentation process, have a lower alcohol grape wine, grape wine and then colorless liquor distilled. to get alcohol into the barrel storage, aging, blending to further achieve the desired color, flavor and aroma of alcohol, resulting in high quality brandy. Finally, blending good brandy bottle.
brandy alcohol in 40-43 degrees, corporations are spirits, but after a long period of aging, its taste soft, pure flavor, after drinking gives elegant, comfortable enjoyment. brandy was a beautiful amber, attractive, and its long history to it cast a layer of mystery. < br> Brandy brewing technology skills, particularly the intricate blending of art and the aging time, aging time, the length of which is a measure of brandy, more and more important quality. Cognac region manufacturers of storage in oak barrels of brandy, and some long up to 40-70 years. They use different years of wine, a recipe handed down by their carefully deployed to blending, to create a variety of different quality, different styles of Cognac brandy. brewed brandy very particular about the rubber used for wine storage barrel. As the impact of oak on wine quality great, so the choice of wood and barrels of production requirements are very strict. The best oak is from the Limousin region and Tuosai Si Cognac two local specialties oak. The quality of the brandy and wine quality level of wine in oak barrels in its aging time has a close relationship, therefore, stuffed possession is essential for the brandy. On the possession of the specific number of stuffed years, according to the winery the provisions of the Government of France, set the aging time is different. needs to be stressed here is that brandy wine quality in the wine during the change of possession, but carried out in oak barrels, bottled The quality of their wine will not change any.
There are many countries in the world production of brandy, such as France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United States, but the production of brandy in France for the best quality, while France Cognac and brandy Youyi Alma Zernike best products for the two regions, which are widely recognized as the quality of Cognac, the most prestigious.
brandy in place of origin, raw materials can be divided into: Cognac, Alma Zernike, French brandy, other countries, brandy, grape brandy, fruit brandy and other six categories.
Second, Cognac (Cognac)
cognac, a transliteration of southwestern France, Bordeaux, a territory of the northern town of Charente. It is a town, an area of about 10 million hectares. Cognac grapes soil is very suitable for the growth and maturity, but because of colder climates, the grape sugar content is low (usually only the white points the eighteenth and nineteenth or so), therefore, its very difficult and wine products produced in the south of the Bordeaux wine comparable. in the seventeenth century with the introduction of distillation technology, especially the Ten In the ninth century under the aegis of the French emperor Napoleon, Cognac region became famous distilled liquor brewing grape origin. AD 1909, the French government issued liquor law expressly provides that only the territory of the Charente, Cognac 36 cities and counties around the town of brandy produced only named Cognac (Cognac),cheap UGG boots, in addition to any region can not be used requirements established by provisions of law in the form of a but not all brandy is cognac) This explains the authority of cognac, cognac is indeed a Law Board under AOC (Appellation of Origin in France Control Act) and the Cognac area and production of soil quality and characteristics of brandy, wine regions will be divided into six COGNAC:
GRANDE CHAMPAGNE Grande Champagne
PETITE Petite Champagne CHAMPAGNE Hartley
BORDERIES Bolu region (edge forest)
FIN BOIS Fang Poa area (high forest)
BON BOIS Bang Boya area (of good quality forest)
BOIS ORDINAIRES Poa b Austria that Reese District (General Forest)
Champagne region of which only 3% of the total area, about 6% Petite Champagne, the two regions particularly low grape yield. According to the French government provided only by large, Petite Champagne Cognac distilled from grapes, be called . if we adopt the Cognac area's most prestigious Grande Champagne cognac produced, can be labeled materials generally do not use grape wines red wine grapes, but use a strong resistance to disease resistance, maturity length, the higher acidity of the holy b Dmitri Rion (Saint Emilion), may Lun Baer (Colombar), Dover b Brown Hugh (Folle Branehe) of three well-known white grape varieties. This is because the brewing of red wine grapes because of their skin contains large amounts of higher fatty acids, so the distilled brandy wine also contains a lot of fatty acids, affecting the the taste of wine, the consumer evaluation is generally not high, so most manufacturers do not use these grapes to wine brandy.
Cognac wine features: in terms of cognac from the liquor taste with soft, mellow Complex aroma, taste fine attention to. wine lanes are amber, clear and transparent, alcohol usually 43 degrees.
(a) Cognac storage on the label representation of life and production sites to ensure that the Government of France
the quality of Cognac, brandy, especially cognac has a strict hierarchical rules. The provision is based on the original wine wine cognac number of years to set standards for possession and use it as a hierarchy based on cognac . For Cognac brandy and wine possession of the statutory labeling requirement as follows:
1, VS (Very Superior)
VS brandy known as Samsung, are common type of brandy. the French government requires that the production Cognac region the youngest only 18 months of brandy the wine age. but the manufacturer to ensure the quality of the wine, the provisions of wine in oak barrels to more than two and a half possession.
2, VbSbObP (Very Superior Old Pale)
belong to mid-range cognac brandy, cognac enjoy this sign at least 4 years of age a half of wine. However, many manufacturers in the bottling wine blending, in order to improve the quality of the wine, adding a certain component appropriate 10-15 years The wine aged cognac.
3, Luxury Cognac Cognac is fine.
large majority of French cognac workshops are excellent production quality brandy, the famous have their special names, such as: Napoleon (Napoleon ), Cordon Blue (Blue Ribbon), XO (Extra Old Special Chen), Extra (Need) and so on. according to French government regulations such cognac wine in oak barrels to be brewing over possession of six and a half before bottling sales.
(b) the famous Cognac trademarks and product
1. Augier Augier. also known as the love of hi; was founded in 1643 by the Ogi b Frail famous Cognac produced. The company was founded by the Pierre b Ogi, is the oldest Cognac Cognac region manufacturers of brewing, the bottles are marked with the trademark Zernike store .
2. Bisquit Pepsi Kyrgyzstan. Shichuang in 1819, after one hundred and eighty years of development, has become Europe's largest brewing plant one of distilled spirits. varieties of (aging), and now for sale on the world of the the famous cognac producers. Camus Camus Cognac produced its own orchards are planted with St. b Dmitri Rion (Saint emilion) high-quality grapes to be brewed as a raw material mixture of species classification level than ; (aging), Silver Baccarat crystal bottle cognac Camus Baccarat Crystal Decanter brandy has been designated as the contractor. is a famous French cognac. cultivar classification level than Samsung, also includes senior Cognac Courvoisier Imperiale Kuwaqiai, Courvoisier Napoleon Cognac Kuwaqiai Napoleon Cognac, Courvoisier Extra Kuwaqiai premium and the Rinaldi, ; second one called as Freud for the love of Napoleon brandy and cognac of Napoleon in particular design.
5. FOV long neck. Dimo wineries produced by the French cognac brandy fov is the well-known brand, with unique excellent quality and the excellent and the wine bottle type, have become well-known marks, which enjoy Qinglie Gan Xiang, plain vanilla with a pleasant atmosphere.
6. Hennessy Hennessy. Irishman Richard Hennessy by Richard Hennessy b brewery founded in 1765 company, is world famous Cognac .1860 brandy brands, the company exported the first to cognac glass for the packaging, in the Napoleon III, the company has used to prove that level of star Brandy, to the present, one. famous are: other 150 years ago, the Hennessy family, first introduced in the Cognac region XO cognac brand, and in 1872 arrived in Shanghai, China, which began trading in Asia Hennessy.
7. Hine Royal Deer. to brewing company named. The company was founded in 1763. As the wine has been the sea by the British because of family business and management, therefore, by the British in 1962, designated as the British royal Queen Elizabeth liquor contractors . in the company's products, James b by the Norwegian Larsen was founded in 1926. The brand of cognac products, in addition to ordinary glass bottles of La Shan (brewed), and Extra, and other types, there are world-renowned Viking sailing to the shape of bottles for packaging and porcelain series. La Shan Cognac All products are large and small wine produced in Champagne, to be reconciled blending brewed with a delicious mellow flavor, produced in the Cognac region in the top grade of cognac.
9. Martell Martell. Martell named the brewery. The company was founded in 1715 founder of the Shang b Martell, since the company has been created by the Martell family operation and management, and glycol in wine and popular price; the company's ; (red zone) is the winemakers select from the wine library with a wide variety of brandy mixture; Napoleon (Napoleon) is known as is the brandy of the best; Remy Martin on the shape of the body of Greek mythology as a symbol of the country. The company was founded in 1724, is famous, has a long history of wine company, Remy b Martin, founder. The company selected the size of Champagne grapes as raw materials and traditional small stills for distillation, excellent quality, so dubbed by the French Government to honor the name of the Special Fine Champagne Cognac (Cognac Fine Champagne district). The company's Napoleon brandy level not to appear but to mark the emergence of strong alcohol. has elegant taste and fragrance. the existence of prior alcohol brewing. to do after a bottle of wine to three generations of winemakers. wine grape raw materials used in producing the best French bottle, is based on handmade crystal bottle, allegedly b Anthony Vanuatu b ardal production of the famous brewing family, the French cognac. varieties of Samsung, France Cognac Cognac ho Dafalanxi, Otard Cognac Napoleon Cognac of Napoleon and Mary as high ranking as high as cognac and Otard Need shuttle tile flange b I, b Royle Buster and many other types.
12. Louis Royer Louis classic. also known as Louis b Lu Waye; Louis b Lu Waye 1853 by the Charente River in Jarnac establishment has experienced its fourth generation. to 1989, three Japanese companies have been Lee (Suntory) of the acquisition. mark mark is a bee. Almost all products are for export (France only 1%), mainly exported to Europe, China, Hong Kong, China Taiwan, Singapore and South Korea. < br> In addition, there AbHardy Adidas, Alain Fougerat Alan b Fu Hot Drawing, AbRiffaud Ann b Lee Buddha, AbEbAudry Audrey, Charpentron 夏尔庞特隆 (also known as Hierro), Chateau Montifaud Mountain City Dover Castle, Croizet Crewe Waze, Deau Dior, Delamain Dela Man (too Manley), Dompierre Dupiaier, Duboigalant 多布瓦加兰, Exshaw love grams Xiao, Gaston de Largrance Gaston b de b LaGrand heat ( alcohol, Kinmen and Matsu) Louis Royer Louis classic, Maison Guerbe tulips, Meukow Miao Ke, Moyet Mu Waye, Jb Normandin-Mercier Normandin b Messier, Planat Plana, PbFrapin Fu Lapan, Pierre Ferrand Pierre b fee Lang and many other cognac brands.
III, Oman Zernike (Armagnac)
in southern China and Hong Kong, Taiwan and other regions it is customary called brandy after Kang Nieke origin. And for the record France and Oman Zernike region started as early as in 1411 distilled brandy, and Oman Zernike Jiasikenie region in France (GASCONY), in the Bordeaux region 100 miles south of , appellations of origin issued by the Government of the French law, only produced in the southwestern part of France, Oman Zernike (ARMANAC), Giles County (GERS) and Landers County, Royer gallons of production outside the region such as legal, all not marked Oman Zernike trademark the name, but only marked brandy.
(a) of the Oman Zernike production technology and characteristics of the wine in the brewing
Oman Zernike, also they use a holy b Dimi Rion (Saint emilion), Dover b Brown, Hugh (folle Branehe) and other well-known grape varieties. with a unique semi-continuous distillation distillation time, distilled brandy Oman Zernike clear, as with water, and high of alcohol, and contains volatile substances that constitute the Oman Zernike unique taste of brandy. But since 1972, Oman Zernike brandy distillation technology was introduced in the second distillation of the Charente-style stills , making the wine brandy Oman Zernike soft qualitative change many.
Oman Zernike possession of brandy is used in brewing local produce Fidel Marconi made of black oak barrels. generally during the brewing reservoir oak barrels stacked in the cold dark cellar, the wine business needs according to market a variety of levels of Oman blending brandy Zernike. According to the provisions of the Government of France, Oman Zernike possession of brandy at least two years of brewing above can only be labeled as alcohol content of wine is 40 degrees.
compared with Kang Nieke brandy, brandy Oman Zernike strong aroma, the taste is relatively fresh and strong and has just Yang style. Most of its wine and women amber color darker and with a degree of gloss.
(b) of the major brands Alma Zernike
1.Chabot Xiabo. Alma Zernike produced in the province of Gascony region of France famous Alma Zernike brandy, brandy which is currently in the Alma Zernike, Xiabo (Chabot) is always living in the first volume of sales. species are wine), and the Chabot Blason Dror Xiabo gold badge and Chabot Extra Old Extra Xiabo Chen Alma Zernike.
2.SaintmVivant St. b completed next. its name to wine company name. Founded in 1947, the scale of production Alma Zernike ranked fourth in the region. The company The more distinctive the wine bottle, designed by the sixteenth century about the unique style of glass blowing known, the bottleneck was angled like, in a variety of the bottle is very special.
3.Sauval Suofa Er. to Brewing Company named. The product is famous brandy producing area (Thailand Linares) wine made from the original production, excellent quality, which Napoleon-level product mix more than 5 years of wine, is the company's advanced products.
4.Caussade Ku Shada. trademark full name Marquis de Caussade, because there will be a blue butterfly pattern on the bottle, also known as Alma Zernike blue butterfly, the classifications of wine in addition to (aging) and . Nuoka Luo from the area in the city of Alma Zernike CGA company produced, the company was founded in 1880, in 1884 began to form a bottle of wine on sale. general Alma Zernike after only a distilled liquor, and The wine is distilled twice to take, so the taste of wine is more delicate and rich. the common-level types are: Casta slavery. also known as the Knights of Alma Zernike, is the sister of Carl Pawnee products, but also by regional Nuoka Luo in the city of Alma Zernike CGA company produced, Castagnon Casta Alma Zernike by the slave region mixed liquor from the preparation. into crystal bottle Er Fote, Sempe still wear, Marouis De Montesquiou Montesquieu, De Malliac Di b Malik, Francis Darroze Francis b Da Luozi and many other brands.
four French brandy (Franch Brandy)
addition Cognac and Alma Zernike anything other than the distillation of wine in France are collectively referred to as grape brandy. The brandy in the production, brewing process of the government do not have much possession of hard and fast rules, generally do not need too long, stuffed after a possession, you can sale, its brand more types of relatively low prices, good quality, packaging is also very important, in the world market is very competitive. Franch Brandy French brandy, the wine's trademark on the often marked Napoleon), and BARDINET) Act made the largest-selling cognac, but also the sales of duty-free shops around the world up to one of the French brandy, the brand was founded in 1857.
In addition, there CHOTEAU hi all, COURRIERE Kerry Jersey, as well as Bar the richest in our common, major general of French brandy.
V. MACK brandy (MARC BRANDY)
wine grape brandy called. It is brewed by fermentation of red wines to filter out the higher alcohol content of grape pulp, stone, peel residue re-distillation, the extract of the alcoholic liquid, and then production of wine in oak barrels made of distilled alcohol possession. In many of the famous wine region of France has produced, of which the wave Bourgogne Burgundy, Champagne Champagne, Alsace Alsace and other production of the more famous. Bourgogne Burgundy is the wave MACK best known brandy producing area, MACK brandy produced in the region in oak barrels to go through years of aging, the longest up to more than ten years. Champagne Champagne to slightly less than his, and Alsace Al MACK brandy produced in Texas is not aged in oak barrels, so the wine has a strong flavor and characteristics of colorless and transparent, in addition to the production of the Alsace region MACK iced brandy into the rear of the refrigerator should be placed drink.
MACK known brands of brandy: Domaine Pierre (Marc de Bourgogne) Pierre territory, Camus (Marc de Bourgogne) Camus, Massenez Masi Ni (Alsace MACK), Dopff Germany Pu (Alsace MACK), Leon Beyer Lei Weng b Bill (Alsace MACK), Gilbert Miclo Jill Bate b Mick (Champagne MACK), etc..
Italian grape brandy known as CRAPPA Grappa, a total of over two thousand brands, but most of the brewing companies are concentrated in northern Italy in the production, single-style brewing stills for distillation. grappa is divided into two popular types of chemicals and advanced materials, popular product because without aging, the color is a colorless transparent; advanced materials are generally more than one year in oak barrel aging, the slightly yellow color.
Grappa famous brands are: Ania Anne, Capezzana Capet Zana, Barbaresco Baba Glasgow, Nardini Nardini, Reimandi Rui Mandi, etc..
VI APPLE BRANDY
apple brandy apple brandy is squeezed out of fermented apple cider, plus the distilled and brewed into a fruit brandy. It's mainly grown in northern France and the United Kingdom, the United States apple production in many of the world. U.S. production of apple brandy known as Canada called color, glossy bright yellow, wine Qingfen, fruity, slightly sweet taste, alcohol content in 40m50 degrees. generally the production of apple brandy in France aged ten years need to be marketed.
the famous apple brandy brand : Chateau Du Breuil Bulu Ye Castle, Boulard Brad, Dupont DuPont special, Roger Gro ...